SEMESTER 2023/24 - WINTER




06.10.2023

Shihwen Hor

University of Tokio

Minimal Nambu-Goldstone-Higgs in Supersymmetric SU(5)


We revisit the minimal Nambu-Goldstone (NG) Higgs supersymmetric (SUSY) SU(5) grand unified model and study its phenomenological implications. The Higgs sector of the model possesses a global SU(6) symmetry, which is spontaneously broken and results in the Higgs doublets of the minimal SUSY Standard Model (MSSM) as NG chiral superfields. Therefore, the model naturally leads to light Higgs doublets and solves the doublet-triplet splitting problem. Because of the SU(6) symmetry, the couplings of the Higgs sector are tightly restricted, and thus the model is more predictive than the minimal SUSY SU(5). We determine all the grand-unified-theory parameters via the matching conditions of the gauge coupling constants at the unification scale and calculate proton lifetime, confronting this with current experimental bounds. We discuss that this model is incompatible with the constrained MSSM, whilst it has a large viable parameter space in the high-scale SUSY scenario. The perturbativity condition on the trilinear coupling of the adjoint Higgs field imposes an upper (lower) limit on the wino (gluino) mass, implying a hierarchical mass pattern for these gauginos. Future proton-decay searches can probe a large part of the parameter space, especially if the SUSY-breaking scale is <100 TeV.

10.10.2023

Lei Zu

Purple Mountain Observatory, Nanjing

Mirror Twin Higgs Cosmology


Cosmology and particle physics are two distinct branches of physics, but they are interconnected in several ways, and cosmological observations can provide valuable insights into particle physics. With the ever-advancing precision of astronomical cosmological observations, the classical LCDM model faces challenges posed by precise data points, including the Hubble tension, S_8 tension, and nHz gravitational waves. Mirror twin Higgs model has been put forward to explain the Higgs hierarchy problem from only particle physics side. Our research indicates that this model not only offers a particle physics solution but also has the potential to alleviate tensions observed in cosmological observations. The introduction of additional dark radiation during the early universe may alleviate the Hubble tension. Twin recombination mechanisms can help explain the S_8 tension. Furthermore, the potential occurrence of a first-order dQCD phase transition could provide an explanation for the nHz gravitational waves detected by Pulsar Timing Arrays. These findings show that cosmology serves as an ideal laboratory for exploring the particle physics.

Slides


24.10.2023

Tom Steudtner

Technische Universitat Dortmund, Germany

Weakly coupled asymptotic safety up to 4 loops


In this talk, I will report about the special role of the Litim-Sannino model for the Asymptotic Safety program, and present a high-precision estimate for the conformal window of its interacting UV fixed point. Four loop gauge, three loop Yukawa and three loop quartic beta functions are computed both by a direct loop calculation and by generalizing existing literature results. The UV fixed point and corresponding critical exponents are obtained at N3LO in the conformal expansion. Several approaches to estimate the conformal window are applied, and the phenomena behind the disappearance of the fixed point are discussed.

Slides


31.10.2023

Motoko Fujiwara

Technical University of Munich

Dark matter heating vs. vortex creep heating in old neutron stars


Dark matter can be captured in a neutron star and deposits its energy into a star. This dark matter heating effect, however, can be observed only if it dominates over other internal heating effects in neutron stars. In this work, as such a internal heating effect, we examine the frictional heating caused by the creep motion of neutron superfluid vortex lines in the neutron star crust. The luminosity of this heating effect is controlled by the strength of the interaction between the vortex lines and nuclei in the crust. We estimated this luminosity in two approaches; (1) the estimation through the temperature observation of old neutron stars and (2) the estimation from the many-body calculation of a high-density nuclear system. We find that both approaches suggest that the vortex creep heating dominates over the DM heating. The vortex-nuclei interaction must be smaller than the estimated values by several orders of magnitude to overturn this domination.

14.11.2023

Toni Mäkelä

National Centre for Nuclear Research, Warsaw

Investigating the reach of LHC neutrino experiments


The recent obbservation of neutrinos produced at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), reported by the FASER$\nu$ and SND@LHC experiments, has given rise to a novel neutrino physics program for the LHC. In particular, the proposal of a purpose-built Forward Physics Facility (FPF) motivates studies of the discovery potential of these searches. This requires resolving degeneracies between new predictions and uncertainties in modeling neutrino production in the forward kinematic region. Based on a broad selection of existing predictions for the parent hadron spectra at FASER$\nu$ and the FPF, we parametrize the expected correlations in the spectra of neutrinos produced in their decays, and use a Fisher information approach to determine the highest achievable precision for their observation. This allows for constraining various physics processes within and beyond the Standard Model, including neutrino non-standard interactions. We also illustrate how combining multiple neutrino observables could lead to experimental confirmation of the enhanced-strangeness scenario proposed to resolve the cosmic-ray muon puzzle during LHC Run 3.

Slides


28.11.2023

Gregory Patellis

Technical University of Lisbon

Reduction of Couplings in the Type-II 2HDM


The idea of reduction of couplings consists in the search for relations between seemingly independent couplings of a renormalizable theory that are renormalization group invariant. In this article, we demonstrate the existence of such 1-loop relations among the top Yukawa, the Higgs quartic and the gauge colour couplings of the Type-II Two Higgs Doublet Model at a high-energy boundary. The phenomenological viability of the reduced theory suggests the value of tan⁡β and the scale in which new physics may appear.

Slides


05.12.2023

Peter Athron

Nanjing Normal University

From first order cosmological phase transitions to gravitational waves


The 2015 observation of gravitational waves opened up a new window into particle physics. First order cosmological phase transitions are predicted in many extensions of the standard model of particle physics and can generate gravitational wave signatures. Exciting recent results mean that we have now entered an era where data from gravitational wave experiments may be used as possible signals or constraints on particle physics theories. I will discuss these and show how to determine gravitational wave constraints, signals and future discovery projections using the state-of-the-art methods. I will critically evaluate many approximations used in the literature and discuss substantial sources of uncertainty and unknowns.

12.01.2024

TBA


30.01.2024

Camilo Garcia-Cely

IFIC, Universitat de Valencia-CSIC